What I was doing one year ago!

How Big is your Vision?

On the third day there was a wedding at Cana in Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there. Jesus also was invited to the wedding with his disciples. When the wine ran out, the mother of Jesus said to him, “They have no wine.” And Jesus said to her, “Woman, what does this have to do with me? My hour has not yet come.” His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever he tells you.” Now there were six stone water jars there for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons. Jesus said to the servants, “Fill the jars with water.” And they filled them up to the brim. And he said to them, “Now draw some out and take it to the master of the feast.” So they took it. When the master of the feast tasted the water now become wine, and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), the master of the feast called the bridegroom  and said to him, “Everyone serves the good wine first, and when people have drunk freely, then the poor wine. But you have kept the good wine until now.”  This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory. And his disciples believed in him. John 2:1-11

Commentary

Inadequate preparations have been made for a wedding. The first words spoken are those of the mother of Jesus, she states a simple fact “they have no wine” (v3). 

When we find ourselves in any situation where there is not enough for everyone we can look at the problem in two ways, we can either say “There is not enough wine” or we can say “There are too many people”. The mother of Jesus chooses to identify the problem as being the lack of wine, not the surfeit of people. Note, she does not say “they have run out of wine”, despite the narration of the story, for her it is as if there was never any wine. Something important is missing from the celebration; this lack stands in the way of greater life.

The wedding organisers have under-estimated the size of their community. Their vision has been too small. Their view of their community was much smaller than the reality. In their minds they had built walls, they had defined who was in, and who was out. They had set limits on who was welcome and who was not welcome.

Perhaps the organisers of this wedding feast have a lot in common with us. Let us consider how we choose to organise our own modern day feasts. In general we choose to limit our hospitality and our table fellowship to the numbers we can afford to treat well. Often when we celebrate we will choose to offer a lavish meal to a relatively small number rather than something much simpler to more. In justification we plead that we have no other choice because it is the most we can afford. We say that we would have invited more if only we could have afforded to invite them! The wisdom of the world tells us that we need to put limits on our hospitality and our friendship.

At the beginning of our story the wedding is being run according to this kind of thinking. The organisers have not deliberately chosen to exclude anyone; it is just that their estimation of how many people are part of their community has been woefully inadequate, far more have arrived than were expected. Because they have made this underestimation they now feel overwhelmed, the text does not say it but we could imagine their immediate reaction: To shut the doors, to reduce their welcome.

Then Jesus arrives! The presence of Jesus changes the whole dynamic of the feast, there is no longer going to be a distinction between those who are welcome (those who have been given wine) and those who are not welcome (those without wine), he destroys this distinction.

Instead of focussing on the lack (wine), as did Jesus’ mother, Jesus takes what they have in abundance (water). The organisers of the wedding can no longer give from their riches, they no longer have any wine but that does not mean they have nothing to give, they can continue to give from their poverty, they can continue to welcome even though all they have is water. Once this revolution in mindset has taken place among the servants then gates can be opened and everyone can be welcomed. The hosts of the party discover that the new bigger reality is much more life-giving (better wine) than was their previous closed mentality. The wine which was lacking at the beginning of this story was a new more open vision, a more astonishing realisation of community.

The events of the wedding at Cana are described by John as a ‘Sign’. A sign is something which points us to somewhere else. A marriage is the beginning of something new. We are being pointed towards the birth of a new community whose values will be very different from the established norms of society.

Both symbols, wine and water, will return at the end of John’s Gospel[1] in the story of the crucifixion and resurrection. It seems that at the centre of his story of redemption the author of John wants to remind us of his earlier teaching, we are being pointed back towards the wedding feast as a way of understanding the crucifixion and resurrection. But this time the transformation is reversed, the wine which passes into the crucified Jesus through his death re-emerges as water and blood.

The community which emerges from Jesus’ death and resurrection is called to live very differently from the world by which it is surrounded.

---

[1] Wine (John 19:29-30), Water (John 13, John 19:34, John 21)

Keeping entertained on a Monday Evening

Another exciting Monday evening.....

Living Beside the Sea

Christian?

Here at Corrymeela Steph and I are living in community. The Corrymeela community describes itself as an Open Christian Community. What does it mean to live in Christian community? It is a complex question with many answers. Here are my thoughts on the question.

Throughout the UK and beyond there are all kinds of institutions and organisations which bear the name Christian. Often when one speaks to those responsible about what this Christian-ness means they will speak of a Christian ethos; by this they often mean, sharing, concern for social justice, equality, and care for each individual. All of these values are labelled as Christian values.  Undoubtedly they are part of Christianity, but then are they not also part of Islam, Judaism, Sikhism and Hindusim? Are there not many humanists, socialists and communists, who would ascribe to such value? Why then is it felt necessary to fence these values off and make them possessions of Christianity?

Maybe we have to look a bit deeper in order to define what it really means to bear the name Christian?

I recently saw an intriguing bio on a twitter account it read:

echthrophiliac ~ \'ek-thrŏ-'fe-lē-,ak\ (noun)

1. one having an abnormal love for one's enemies

2. a Christian

according to this twitterer to be Christian is to take Jesus’ words in Matthew 5:38-48 seriously. Maybe here we have a good answer to what it means to be Christian?

Such words are easily said, but how is it possible to actually live this love of your enemies, it might sound nice in theory but what about practise? As human our immediate instinct is too often to turn inwards, to build walls, to respond to those who threaten us by hiding, by running away, with aggression!

Staying with Matthew’s Gospel for a moment longer, it is no accident that the passage referenced above about love of enemies is followed immediately by another on the subject of prayer (Matthew 6:1-34). According to Matthew's Jesus living this love of enemies is not possible unless we are able to draw on a source much deeper than ourselves. This wisdom comes deep from the experience of both Jesus and the community who wrote this Gospel. 

God’s ability to love is far greater than our own. It is by immersing ourselves continually into this all embracing unconditional love which God has for us that we are enabled and empowered to love others in the same way. It is in the struggle of constant reflection and contemplation that we are transformed into people better able to love.

So perhaps the deepest and most basic definition of being Christian does not relate to our actions at all. To be a Christian is to be one who seeks constantly to be transformed by an encounter with God. To be an authentically Christian community is not about doing or about believing, it is about being collectively transformed by prayer.

Lots to Learn, much to Observe

Just over a week ago Steph and I nervously disembarked from a ferry in Belfast. During the last week we've seen much more than I would be able to put into words or express clearly. Lots of thoughts, ideas and premature conclusions are running around my brain right now.

For the next twelve months we will be living at the Corrymeela centre near Ballycastle in Northern Ireland. We will be working with all sorts of groups from different parts of the region each of whom will come to the centre for a few days. The overarching focus of our work will be Reconciliation.

There are all sorts of different people who live and work here. Some people work here but live in nearby Ballycastle, others actually in the Centre. Of this 'lived community' there are those who come for just a few days, others for a few weeks. Alongside these short-term residents we, along with twelve others, will be living here for a full year. The one-year team is a diverse community

We are:

Josep (Spanish)

Jamie (Northern Irish)

Mark (Northern Irish)

Leanne (Northern Irish)

Helen (Northern Irish)

Mohammed (Palestinian)

Maria (German)

Josué (El Salvadorian)

Pradeep (Nepali)

Kara (USA) 

Steph (English) 

Matthew (English)

Below are a few photos of the centre where we live, the local area, and of Belfast...........

New Challenges

It has been nearly two months since we left the Philippines. We have enjoyed a good summer of visiting family and friends, and of watching lots of sport!

The last days in Cebu seem a long time ago. For those interested the blog posts I posted while in the Philippines will remain on this blog. The text can also be read (perhaps more easily) at this Link: Mangos and Mosquitoes - Blog Posts from the Philippines

In less than two weeks Steph and I will be moving to Northern Ireland, we are going to be living and working with the Corrymeela Community at their centre near Ballycastle. 

You can find out more about Corrymeela here: Corrymeela

This Blog will continue. I will continue to post my news, thoughts, ideas and reflections during my time at Corrymeela. I expect to post much less regularly than I did from the Philippines.

So here's to pastures new and fresh challenges. If any of you would like to visit then please let us know!

Seeds

Today we have reached the end, at 4.00pm we will leave DBTC for the last time. When tomorrow arrives we will be in a different country and a different reality.

Emotions are very mixed, sadness and happiness running very close together.

The last nine months have been quite an adventure, we have learned a lot, experienced a lot, celebrated a lot and eaten a lot. Most importantly of all we have been touched by a lot of different people.

I would like very much to thank the Salesians of DBTC who have made us feel incredibly welcome and valued during our time here.

The last nine months has been a time of planting seeds. We have had the privilege of serving and helping a group of young people who, by all of the comparisons which most of our world value, are extremely poor and live with a constant lack. We have had the chance to plant seeds of learning in each of them, it is now time to walk away, what these seeds will become we do not know.

However, even more profoundly these young people have planted seeds in us. They have shown us that the standard economic measures of well being are not the full measure of a person. They have shown us what it is to be joyful even when life is hard; they have shown us what it means to really live in community and they have shown how valuable simply smiling can be. These young people have given me a new world of possibilities, many of which I am undoubtedly unaware of; I do not yet know what these seeds will grow into within me.

I leave with sadness but also a lot of hope.

If you are still reading this blog I thank you very much for sharing in my journey. I will end with a quote from a South African Christian[1] which, I think, sums up how I feel right now. It is a sentiment I hope I will be able to carry with me as life moves on:

"The deep joy, which only comes from God, can only be present in us if we live with others, because happiness is only true happiness when it is shared."

---

[1] Taken from Lettre de Taizé Sept-Dec 2011, my translation from the French

Finished Programme

After eight months of hard work our programmes for English and Maths are now finished. On Tuesday Steph and I had the chance to meet the training directors of the nine training centres which will be using our programmes; we have also had the chance to introduce the programmes to the teachers here who will be taking over from us in the new semester just starting.

I feel an enormous amount of satisfaction in having completed this work; I am pleased to be leaving behind something which I hope will be useful. 

Our work is now done it is up to others to carry on. Whether our efforts will bear fruit we will probably never know and in any case it is no longer in our hands. There is a sadness in that, letting go and ceasing to be in control of your own creation can be hard. Yet at the same time there is something inspiring about allowing others take up the baton and continue to create with what we started. I think overall it is a cause for celebration, we have played our part. It is time to let go.

An Update

A few weeks ago I put up a post which talked about 18 students who had failed Maths. These students had to continue with Maths for a few more weeks. So for the last few weeks Steph and I have been giving maths lessons to very small groups trying to give them an extra boost of learning. I am pleased to write that of the 18 who had failed, fourteen have now achieved a high enough level to proceed, and three have dropped out. 

Which leave one remaining student who still doesn’t have a good enough level of maths to cope with the course demands. He is a junior going into senior, he will continue into the next semester but with a programme of extra maths. For us it will very soon be time to move on, our last one-to-one lesson with him was yesterday, it will be others who have to help him going forward.

Waving the Flag

One of the quite surprising aspects of living here is how often we see our flag.

After the Filipino flag the second most common flag seen on the streets of Cebu is without doubt the British Flag. It is found on t-shirts, on cars, on sandals, on jeepneys and in shop windows. 

I don't think this is because there are hordes of britophiles in Cebu who adore the UK,  I think it is more likely because we have quite a good flag which people like the look of.

It is not only our flag which is commonly seen in Cebu, by far the most seen football shirt is that of the England national team, followed in second place by either the French national team or Barcelona. Among those who follow football, which is perhaps the fourth biggest sport behind boxing, basketball and cock-fighting, it is the english premier league which is followed. David Beckham and Wayne Rooney are probably the most well known Britains among Filipinos. 

below are a few examples among many......

Rain

Being a tropical country surrounded by a lot of water it tends to rain a lot here.......

Mary

Our rhythm of life while living with the Salesians has involved a lot of prayer. One of the features of this prayer which is sometimes a bit uncomfortable is the extent to which these prayers centre of Mary the mother of Jesus rather than on a person of the Trinity.

Personally I have no problem with acknowledging Mary as a person worthy of special praise, there is much that is inspirational in her story. I also believe that we can ask others members of the Church to pray for us, be these fellow Christians living or dead. Thus I have no problem with us asking Mary, as a fellow Christian, to remember me in her prayers.

Where the spirituality of Mary gets very uncomfortable is when it is elevated to such as level that she is presented as if she is a god. While nowhere in ‘official’ Catholic theology is this claim made, within the culture of devotion and worship she is often presented as if she is God.

Here at DBTC the feast of ‘The Immaculate Conception of Mary’ was celebrated in a far bigger way than was ‘Epiphany’, ‘The Annunciation’ (the conception of Jesus), ‘The Ascension’, or ‘Pentecost’. The Feast of ‘Mary Mother of God’ was celebrated in preference to ‘The Holy Family’ which fell on the same day. The campus has many statues of Mary holding the child Jesus, yet when these statues are mentioned it is Mary rather than the child Jesus who is evoked and reverenced.

In preaching Mary is spoken of far more than is Jesus, she is the one who can grant us special blessings, she is the one who can assist us in need, she is the one who can answer our prayers. It is praying to Mary which is most often encouraged and celebrated.

So why this emphasis on Mary?

Centuries of hierarchical Church leadership have emphasised the masculine. When preaching to a mostly illiterate laity, unable to read the gospels for themselves, the medieval priesthood preached a God who was male, a God who was powerful, a God who was a judge. Thus the attributes traditionally seen as feminine were driven out of God. Perhaps it was a subconscious reaction to this lack of wholeness that devotion to Mary evolved. She is the merciful one, she is the caring one, she is the one who understands our weakness. When God became inaccessible in the eyes of many, it was Mary whom people looked to for consolation.

It is easy to see why Marian devotions have grown, and easy to see why it persists in a Church which is still male dominated, still hierarchical and still denies many of the feminine aspects of God.

But there are dangers in this spirituality. When speaking about Jesus we are obliged to hold true to the New Testament, we cannot credibly present Jesus in a way which contradicts these texts, and so when it come to Jesus every Christian must remain rooted in the earliest origins of Christianity. The same in-built safety mechanism does not exist when we consider Mary; she is mentioned only six times in the New Testament outside of the nativity stories and even then only briefly. Thus it is all too easy for devotion to Mary to collapse into superstition and tribalism. Sadly I think it often does and in doing so does her a disservice. 

Summers Over, it is back to school!

Here in the Philippines May is considered to be the height of summer so their school year runs from June through to March, each year being separated by a three month holiday (TVED where we work only stops for one week!). This week has been the return to lessons for the high school and elementary student.

Here at DBTC a large number of the students board. Some board inside the school campus in the boarding house run by the Salesians and many more board outside in private dormitories. Children as young as nine or ten will often board in large dormitories with very little supervision.

The pupils who board are financially well off by Filipino standards but by no means super-rich. In most cases they are boarding for one of two reasons, that their family home is somewhere remote on another Island far away from a good school, or that their parents are working abroad.

For many among the Filipino middle class the economic reality is that they have to work abroad if they want to live a comfortable lifestyle and send their children to private schools. Millions of Filipinos live and work all over the world many returning home only once a year or sometimes less often. Many of these workers have no option to take their families with them and so spend years away from their husband, wife, children and parents. A large proportion of the school boarders have either one or both parents working abroad. Weekdays are spent in school and weekends are spent with aunts, uncles or grandparents.

The Salesian High school here is a private fee-paying school. The fees are approximately £1’000 per year, nationwide only about 5% of children attend a private school with the majority attending the free government funded schools. To board in the Salesian boarding house costs about £60 a month. Thus to send a child here as a boarder the yearly cost to the parents is around £1’540 for the nine-month school year, for many these fees can only be paid because they are working abroad.

What is best for your child, to stay here and be poor, or to live away and be financially better off? Such is the dilemma facing many parents.

Exciting Plants

These plants still remain exciting even after eight months..........

The Spirituality of the Scapular

Many of our students wear scapulars. Scapulars are two pieces of brown fabric (or sometimes plastic) joined together by two strings. They are worn over the shoulders with one piece of fabric resting on the chest and the other on the back.

These Scapulars are worn as a form of religious devotion. Their historical origin is not completely clear but they seem to have developed in Medieval Europe as a way for ordinary people to symbolically participate in monasticism, the little pieces of fabric being a type of mini-habit. Over time the spiritual beliefs about scapulars evolved, and for many people they came to be seen as having magical powers such as the ‘Scapular Promise’ (see the picture). Such beliefs are not accepted by ‘official’ Catholic teaching but they are still commonly believed.

I mention all this about scapulars because they are a good example of the wider religious culture here.

Religion here is not principally about ‘believing’ it is much more about ‘doing’. Religion is very practical and very immediate. Whereas in Europe we emphasis the intellect and the mind here it is the experiential and the physical. Religion is much less about books and much more about ritual practises. Trinkets, statues and medals are really important; people like to wear pictures of Saints. The rosary is a very popular prayer said while walking, touching the beads as each prayer passes. In churches it is not uncommon to see people stood before (often very ugly) statues seemingly deep in prayer. Frequent processions and vigils form an important part of the regular liturgical routine.

It is not surprising that this is the reality here; our experience of the education system makes it very clear that a religious faith based on books would be unsustainable just as was the case for medieval Europe.

The advantage of such a religious culture is its accessibility; there is no need to study, to struggle with deep ideas or sign up to lots of abstract dogmas. Perhaps there is a lot that we Europeans can relearn about the need for religion to be accessible and close to reality. Maybe we need to reconsider the ways in which the physical and the spiritual can be closer connected?

The disadvantage, of course, is that these popular forms of devotion can very easily become forms of superstition which are performed so as to earn blessings and favours. In such a climate there is a great risk that belief in the unconditional love of God gets forgotten.

The Scapular promise is a good example of these kinds of distortions. Another example is the rosary, when people speak about why they say the rosary often they will mention ideas such as that Mary will send us special spiritual blessings or that we can earn special graces from Mary. The same sentiments are voiced about all sorts of spiritual practises, to our European ears the spirituality of ‘Salvation by spiritual works’ is never far away.

And yet perhaps such a quick judgement is unfair, the human psyche is rarely so simply summed up. The well educated European Church knows that we pray, not to convince God to love us, but as a response to the fact that God already loves us.  But the reality is that we don’t actually pray that much, suggesting that we aren’t all that convinced by what we think we believe. What we claim to believe intellectually is not borne out by our practise.

Here maybe the opposite is true. The words which are spoken suggest a spirituality of constantly attempting to earn God’s love, but the fervour of their spiritual life suggest that on a deeper level they are already convinced of the reality of that love.

Every morning our students attend mass and every evening they pray the rosary together, I don’t believe they are doing so because they think they will be punished if they don’t, they don't exhibit the angst to which such a spirituality would give birth. To some extent they pray out of habit but only partly. Most deeply I think they pray because they know how much they are already blessed; they know how much they are already fully alive. They might not be able to articulate it but they are living it.

Longing for Community

The Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth has not, as you might expect, been particularly big news here! She did, however, get a mention on the front page of one of the national newspapers.

We have, as always, been in touch with events via the omnipresent BBC. These types of national events are always a fascinating experience. Seeing the river procession on Sunday and the various street parties have reminded me very much of the Sinulog Festival which we were part of in January.

(For our experiences of Sinulog click: Sinulog Fluvial Parade; Sinulog Pasil Parade; Sinulog City Parade)

What is it that draws people out onto the streets? What is it which inspires people to join in these celebrations?

I don’t believe that the inspiration is really what it is claimed to be. Despite what they might say most British people do not love the queen, not really. She is a very private figure, she never gives interviews, she has never written a book and she is never seen informally. Her speeches are highly stage managed affairs not personal exposés. None of us know what her opinions are on any significant issue. The Queen is a very distant figure, amazingly so considering her profile. Thus for most of us she is not really a person rather part of a national myth. The media (chiefly the BBC) gives us a picture of an idealised Queen, one which we are encouraged to celebrate. No voices of dissent from this line are ever allowed to be heard. Yet we don’t really know (or possibly care) if this myth matches reality or not.

So what is the real reason that people pour out onto the streets. I think it is because we all long for community, the spiritual and emotional facets of our being yearn for universality; we all want to be part of something bigger than ourselves. When we see a crowd begin to gather we are emotionally drawn towards it wanting to be part of the event. Thus for a few hours we are willing to put reality on hold and to pretend that as a nation we are one people united around our Queen. It is the action of coming together that is paramount not the object which forms the focus for this coming together. We are all swept along by the group dynamic; we enter into the event and the emotion. Reality is put on hold so as to let ourselves enjoy the mythic reality. We feel better about ourselves because we are part of something worthy.

All of this is part of being human, we are social beings and we are future-orientated beings, we all need to occasionally stop working, forget reality and subsume ourselves into a collective celebration. Just occasionally we need to allow ourselves to trust in something higher than ourselves. The celebrations of Sinulog play much the same role for the people of Cebu as do many celebrations across the world. Every nation needs it national myth.

Where, however, this created mythic reality can become dangerous is in the fact that as we let go of reality and begin to trust very easily we become vulnerable to manipulation. We are just a little bit tempted to forget that this is all a game and so to stay living in the dream. We infantilise ourselves and we stop thinking. Thus we can all too easily become part of the mob just because it is what everyone else is doing. Let’s not forget that it was falling for this exact same idealised national myth that lead our nation (and others) into the butchery of the Somme and the mud of Paschendaele; and that it was a desire to let go of reality and embrace an idealised national myth which lead Germans to accept the death camps. It is an idealised national myth which is currently costing many naive young British and Afghan men their live.

So let’s enjoy the party and enjoy the community but not forget that none of this is real; she’s no more important than any of the rest of us.

Balut

Here in the Philippines they have some interesting types of food!

Most bizarre of all is the national delicacy called Balut. This is a fertilised chicken egg inside of which the chicken foetus is allowed to develop for between one and two weeks, normally the egg would hatch at about three weeks. These eggs containing half developed chicken foetuses are hard-boiled then eaten.

During the New Year celebration we got the chance to try.......although I ought to confess that Steph ate far more of it than did I!

Happy Times

A little video footage of our recent trip to the beach

Soft Imperialism

Here at DBTC there are two indoor badminton courts. These courts cannot be used to play badminton because they are being used as a place of storage for a hundred or so large boxes of books.

Long before we arrived here the Salesians received a gift of books from a charity in the USA, on the face of it a very generous gift. However on closer inspection it quickly becomes evident that most of these books are totally useless. There are manuals for outdated computer programmes, books to assist learning French or Spanish (not languages normally studied here), books on fashion design and book on US history. Even among the books which could be useful, such as textbooks for English or Maths, most are at too high a level for the students here. Perhaps about 10% of what was sent is of some use. The rest just sits taking up space and stopping students from playing badminton. These gifts are a clear case of un-though-out charity. They were clearly sent without any prior dialogue and without any real thought as to what might be needed. Eventually most of these useless books, expensively shipped across the ocean, will end up being binned.

Along with all the books came several boxes of T-shirts, these are much more useful and have already been distributed among the students. These T-shirts were, however, all T-shirts promoting the American Military’s Wounded Veterans’ Charity, the USA’s equivalent of ‘The British Legion’ or ‘Help the Heroes’.

The students have no affinity one way or the other for or against the US military, for them it is just another much needed T-shirt, they don’t much care what is printed on the front. I, however, do feel uncomfortable about the spectacle.

Admittedly I have a particular problem with the US military; I disagree with much of what they do and what it stands for as an organisation. However I think there are questions at stake which run deeper than my personal views, I hope I would still feel uncomfortable even if it was an organisation towards which I felt more disposed. The students are unconsciously advertising, and by implication helping to support the US military, they have not made a positive choice to do so, thus it feels as if their poverty and lack of education is being taken advantage of.

This is one example of a very subtle problem which exists here. The influence of the rich world weighs very heavily on the people here. The allure and pressure of North America, Europe and Australia deeply affects people here. However the image of the rich world that they see is not a fair picture, it is the idealised world of film, television and sport. There is virtually no encouragement to critical debate or deconstruction of their assumptions about the rich. The value of Capitalism, Consumerism and Militarism are subtly preached as unquestionable truth to those who benefit least from these systems.

In a context such as this the importance of good education becomes very obvious. Young people here need to be encouraged to think critically. Our students are bombarded with so much western propaganda and as a result it is easy for them to believe that the characters on television are ‘normal’ and they ‘subnormal’ when in reality the opposite is closer to being true.

Such education to think is, of course, dangerous. A people which sees itself as an equal to any other might start demanding equivalent wages, or equivalent working conditions, or an equivalent say in world affairs. Much better to appease our consciences by sending a few crates of useless books!

Truth and Authority

As our return to Europe looms onto the horizon our thoughts are increasingly drawn towards how our experiences here will impact on our future life. I spend a lot of time thinking about the differences between here and back home.

One very big cultural difference here is the way in which people relate to Authority. This difference isn’t immediately visible, it takes time to see. But once seen it is very clear, people here respect authority, of whatever kind, far more than we do in Europe.

In Europe we have seen a gradual slipping away of trust for authority, be that authority political, religious, academic, scientific or generational. Perhaps it is the consequence of experiencing so many people in authority using that authority so badly. Once burnt twice cautious! Blind respect for authority has given us the Somme, the Inquisitions, the Gas chambers, the atomic bomb, sectarian conflicts and great inequalities. Hence we understandably deny our leaders the right to decide for us what is good and what is bad, we do not listen unquestioningly to presidents, popes and professors.

Our suspicion of authority goes further than a distrust in specific people. We are now suspect of the whole concept of truth. We no longer believe that any person or group can possess truth; the truth always lies ahead of us yet to be discovered. Science can no longer speak or truth only the best theory yet discovered, politicians can no longer claim a grand ideological plan and religious leaders can no longer credibly proclaim absolute dogmas. We no longer trust anything or anyone easily. This lack of trust inevitably spills over into our close relationships and friendships, we form them much less readily than do people in other parts of the world. 

By contrast here in the Philippines (I am of course speaking generally) there is a strong trust in both Authority and in Truth. People here find it very easy to trust, teachers are valued, the elderly are venerated and political leaders and given (often undeserved) respect.

The area where trust in authority is most visible is the Church. In every parish thousands attend Mass and long lines of people queue to receive the sacrament of reconciliation. The traditional rituals and beliefs of the Church are trusted and respected. People here do not see truth as something beyond our horizon waiting to be discovered in the future, rather truth is something present here and now, very much possessed by the Catholic Church.

Bishops and priests are given enormous respect, authority and trust; they are treated as spiritually superior to the laity. The model of priesthood lived out here is a very paternalistic one, the priest is not so much seen as a fellow struggler but as a spiritual father whose role is to lead the simple faithful.

In the Europe this paternalistic model of Church, where it still exists, is an outdated anachronism. A people to whom trust does not come easily cannot relate to this form of spiritual leadership, we balk at its suffocating certainty. Perhaps much of the non-participation of European Christians in their local parishes is due to leaders failing to adapt to these changing realities. In Europe spiritual leadership has to be more humble, our priests must be equals not masters, fellow strugglers also searching for a way to follow God. To claim any kind of higher or privileged status is to risk becoming irrelevant and appearing arrogant. A culture which finds trust difficult yearns for leaders who also struggle.

Perhaps our European approach to truth is the central difference between us and the rest of the world, not just the Philippines. Maybe it is this philosophical difference which is fuelling much of the discord which rumbles on visibly in the Anglican Communion and less visibly in the Catholic Church. We Europeans cannot sit comfortably in a Church filled with certainty and absolutes, the very absolutes in which so many non-Europeans believe so dearly.

A Few Days on the Beach

Some weeks here are really hard. 

Happily this week wasn't one of them! On Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday of this week we were away from Cebu to spend a few days on the beach with the core group of students who helped organise the orientation or the new applicants. Officially it was a leadership camp but in reality it was a holiday given to them as a reward for their hard work.

It was a fantastic few days spent relaxing, enjoying the beach, swimming and having the time to simply be. A very special time.

It was also an eye-opener to how the students live. Steph and I and the Salesians who came all had tents which we pitched on the beach, whereas the students simply slept on the beach or under a makeshift shelter built from plastic sheeting and pieces of wood. We all washed both our bodies and our cooking utensils in public using water from two big plastic barrels. The toilet facilities were rudimentary. The food was prepared and cooked by the students, we ate a lot less meat and a lot more rice. We were annoyed by the flies and at noontime we missed our air-con unit. Such conditions are very likely much closer to what they live in ordinary life. 

All in all it was pretty amazing! perhaps the photos describe it best......

Officially Legal

On Monday 11th October we handed over our Passport to the Salesian Provincial so that they could arrange for our tourist visas to be converted to longer term missionary visas.

Today we made our fourth visit to the immigration office in Cebu and have finally finished the process. We have received our shiny new Alien Registration Cards, meaning we are now legal resident Aliens!

And the process only took 228 days! 

Prayer and Community

Over the last 7½ months we have been living in a religious community. This is by far our most extended experience of living in a Christian community larger than just the two of us. As a community it is far from perfect, there are many aspects of the community life here which I would like to be improved. There are many inequalities which I think erode the sense of solidarity. However living in the less than perfect often orientates us towards the ideal. At its best living in this community has given me a glimpse of a way of life that I find very inspiring and life giving. The community here both prays together and lives together as a family. These two aspects of life knit together very closely. It is from this life of prayer and community that the Salesians find their inclination and energy to work for others.

To pray is to be infused from within by the presence of God, a presence of absolute affirmation and love. To pray is to be taught how to love yourself. It is from this experience of being loved that we are both enabled and propelled to love others. The most natural action of someone who feels that he is both loved and affirmed is to love others. To the extent that we can love ourselves we are drawn inevitably towards loving others.

Prayer leads us towards community.

Living in community involves both joys and challenges. The experience of living closely with others puts our capabilities to forgive and to be reconciled constantly to the test. Through this process of being pulled closer together in constantly reconciling ourselves to each other we are also drawn towards God.  If we are living closely together in community then prayer follows almost automatically.

Community leads us towards prayer.

That is the theory but Christianity, of course, is not an idea we can learn intellectually; it can only pointed towards, not contained by words. Understanding of the Gospel only comes through living relationships. It is in our encounters with others that we really discover the Gospel.

Knowing how to love the students here has been a source of constant questions for reflection. A certain small section of our students have been persistently lazy and unwilling to work. Knowing the right balance to strike between force and encouragement is not always easy. If I thought that deep down they didn’t want to learn then the right thing to do would be to let them stop. But I know that this is not the case, they do want to learn but just aren’t mature enough to turn this desire into reality. A few weeks ago we finished our final exams. The policy is that each student gets three chances to pass each subject before being given a failing grade. Of the seventeen who failed there are ten who have been constantly lazy, absent, uncooperative and sometimes disruptive, some of them have even tried to blame their failure on us. Justice dictates that they deserve to fail; fairness to the other students requires us to fail them.

But our experience of prayer and community encourages us to look at the world differently. What about love? Love is not interested in justice or in what is deserved; it is interested in reaching out to those in most need. My natural inclination was to fail them and my (I think) justified anger with them impelled me to fail them. But what about love? When can it be said that by their actions they have decided themselves to fail? These questions have been a real struggle. How can we allow our faith to shape what we do?

Steph and I are running additional classes; we are giving them a fourth chance to pass. It isn’t really what I feel inclined to do but it is what I feel I ought to do. Is it right or is it wrong?

Prayer and Community create these dilemmas. Perhaps I am continuing to teach because, just like my students, I have desires to be good that I sometimes lack the maturity to accept.

Corruption in the UK

In my last post I wrote about corruption in the Philippines. I think that one serious risk of commenting on such a topic is that it can give birth to a sense of superiority: “Aren't we great because we aren’t like them”. I have written this post in order to give some balance and challenge this all too automatic self aggrandisement. Some of what follows perhaps cuts close to the bone but I think it needs to. I cannot in fairness make comments such as those in my previous post if I am not willing to judge myself and my own culture just as harshly.

But first the positives. In the UK we do not have direct electoral fraud, our votes are counted correctly. Nor do we have public officials at the local level who take bribes. In our schools we do not have a corrupt examination system. Likewise our judicial system is, in general, run justly and our police are honest. The fact that aberrations from these norms are reported and criticised so heavily is reassuring. We can be proud and thankful for all of these things. What’s more in Britain we do have a righteous indignation which comes to the fore whenever we perceive things to be unfair.

We do, however, accept unfairness of a more hidden kind and maybe at times we are less honest and fair than we like to believe.

In the UK we have laws which set a minimum hourly rate of pay for workers. We consider, at least in theory, that each worker should be entitled to a certain minimum wage. Yet we do not apply these same standards to those who make the goods we import from abroad. Most of us (perhaps all of us) will buy electronic goods, clothes, foodstuffs and automobiles provided by workers paid far below the levels we would consider just if they were working in the UK. Often we allow those who make our luxuries to be paid wages which barely allow them to survive let alone live as we do. What’s more we tolerate, and perhaps even allow ourselves to be deceived by the argument which says that to pay these people anymore would be irresponsible or economically unviable.

We are all complicit in this crime, sometimes through ignorance but more often because we know how few of these goods we would be able to afford if we paid a far price for them. Is not such complicity a form of corruption? Is it not gaining an undeserved advantage at another’s expense? Can I fairly criticise the corruption of Filippinos who are themselves experiencing such injustices.

Let’s consider Education. We still live in a society which tolerates the rich buying privileged education. Is there any difference between this and paying a bribe to past an exam? Would not the Filippino students we teach have done a bit better academically had they been in smaller classes with better resources?

In our political arena there are legions of corporate lobbyists, special advisors and funded researchers whose reason for existence is to pressure elected politicians into making certain decisions, not because they are for the common good but because they will favour a select few with the means to employ these people. We must assume that it works because why else would so much money be spent on this industry. Again, is this not a form of corruption? Allowing the rich to benefit at the expense of the poor.

Here in the Philippines the most worrying part of the culture of corruption is how blind or uncaring so many people are towards it. Corruption here is an accepted way of life. Perhaps in a subtle way the same dynamic exists in the west.

Too many of us, I believe, have developed a certain slackness towards truth. We have allowed ourselves to be convinced that the political and economic direction of our nations is far too complex a question for most of us to think about. There is a blurring and over-complicating of very important public debates which both disconnects normal people and distracts us from what is really important.  In a world where millions earn only enough to feed themselves we allow ourselves to be distracted by ‘Fake’ reality. Society would have us vote on the basis of Ed Milliband’s voice or Boris Johnson’s public demeanour rather than actual policies and facts.

The blurring of the public discourse means that, just like here in the Philippines, our common system of values has become skewed. We are amused rather than scandalised by Wayne Rooney’s hair transplant, we speak about company executives having ‘earned’ their exorbitant bonuses, and we too easily start to believe that time are genuinely hard because we can’t afford a new Ipod. We too easily accept the false alternatives offered to us and let ourselves be lulled into an intellectual slumber concerning matters of politics and economics. We accept the cultural lie that personal wealth should be our dominant God. Is not living in such a bubble of non-reality also a form of non-responsibility? and are we not culpable also for what we haven’t done to help others?

Before we are too critical of others corruptions perhaps we should stop and consider ourselves.

Corruption in the Philippines

Writing about the corruption which occurs here is very difficult. It is difficult because it necessitates being very critical about a nation and a culture which contains many positives. However to ignore this aspect of society would be to fail to paint a full picture.

Corruption here is endemic. According to the some sources the Philippines is the most corrupt country in Asia. Whether or not this is true I cannot claim to know but it is true that corruption permeates all of life here. Elections are rigged, officials take bribes and few people are held to account.

What I find really fascinating is the acceptance of corruption as being normal. Everyone here seems to accept that elections are corruptly run, corruptly counted and end up being won by those with the most money with which to bribe. But rather than being outraged most people just laugh about it.

Many of the Salesians here openly admit that they didn’t take a driving test; the examiner offered them to chance to pay a bribe to pass without taking the test, so they paid the bribe and avoided the test. Similarly before we went to renew our visas we were told that because some former students worked in the immigration office our application would be dealt with more quickly. No one here seems to see such practises as a problem.

In the classroom our greatest struggle has been to prevent cheating. Most of our students have spent much of their school life cheating their way through; homeworks are copied, notes are passed in exams when the teacher isn’t looking, and if necessary teachers are bribed to change the student’s results. When the high school students here were sitting their final exams, that students were talking during the exams was obvious even from a casual observation. So much is all this a part of life that when we challenge our students as to why they have cheated they really struggle to understand why we think that such practises are a problem.

The corruption here is motivated, I think, by various factors. A desire to buy or gain easy success is definitely one motivation. Another is that to be corrupt is not a social taboo; indeed to not be corrupt would be in many cases to put yourself at a disadvantage. However I think there are deeper reasons for this culture. Most of the corrupt practises which we have come across are not done out of malice and often not even for personal gain, rather they are the result of people trying to help each other out. Students pass answers in exams to help their classmates and teachers pass students too easily thinking it will help them in life. Immigration officials will fast-track the applications of those they know because these relationships are important to them. Often corruption comes about more because of a desire to maintain community than for individual gain. Likewise corrupt practises tend not to be challenged for the same reason, a desire not to create disharmony.

All this corruption does, of course, have a negative effect. I think this negative is that it ferments a belief that things are easier to achieve than they really are. If a student of electricity is allowed to pass without the necessary skills then maybe they have benefitted, and may the person who gave them an undeserved passing grade feels that he has helped the student, but would you want them to re-wire your house?

The disposition of most Filippinos and their tendency to favour harmony above justice means that social anger doesn’t generate in the way that it would and does in other parts of the world, but I can’t help wondering how much latent anger created by corruption, injustice and inequality, bubbles under the surface. 

Planning Ahead

On Monday 5^th March I had the following conversation in the booking office of Weesam Ferries:

Matthew: Can I buy an advanced ferry ticket for 8^th April

Ticket Salesman: Yes, what date?

Matthew: 8^th April

Ticket Salesman: Ok sir, 8^th March

Matthew: no, 8^th April.

Ticket Salesman: Yes sir, 8^th March

Matthew: No, 8^th April.

Ticket Salesman: 8^th April?

Matthew: Yes.

Ticket Salesman: you can’t buy tickets that far in advance

Matthew: But it is only a month ahead

Ticket Salesman: Yes, but it isn’t possible

Without doubt the aspect of life here which I have found most difficult to cope with has been the lack of organisation and planning ahead. The total lack of forward planning here is truly phenomenal.

When we arrived at DBTC in October we were asked us to teach English and Maths and to put together a curriculum for these subjects. Naturally we asked for more details. How many weeks is the course? We don’t know. When are the school holidays? We haven’t decided yet. Can we see a list of the public holidays when the students won’t be in? There isn’t any list. When will the Semester end? We don’t know yet. Can we see their exam papers from last semester? No, we haven’t got them anymore.

As I write we are unsure as to whether or not the students will be having a week’s holiday or not starting less than a week from now.

At the beginning of April we were eventually given a date by which all the different courses must be finished, the final deadline for everything to be finished and completed was Friday 11^th May. So very diligently Steph and I planned our lessons and exams, leaving enough time to fit in any re-sits, to be completely wrapped up by this date. Not so anybody else! To speak of a deadline in May at the beginning of April is just too far ahead. Some teachers immediately reacted and gave their students an immediate final exam finishing their courses prematurely; others seem likely to carry on way beyond this already passed final deadline.

Another example of this extreme lack of looking ahead can be seen in their attitude to maintenance. The building we live in suffers from an infestation of termites. Little piles of wood dust periodically appear in little piles fallen from the ceiling, this dust is the result of termites eating into the wooden ceilings. When we first arrived we took to reporting these piles to the Salesian in charge of maintenance assuming that, if the ceilings of the first floor in a two-story building were being eaten, then it was quite serious, he seemed uninterested. Maintenance work tends to be left until there is a crisis rather than problems solved earlier.

Such disorganisation permeates life here to an extent which I find quite difficult to cope. One lesson I have certainly learned is that I have a very low tolerance for disorder and chaos!........aaargh

Something different to read

A few weeks back our Friend Janet came to visit us, she has shared some of here experiences, thoughts, ideas and reflections on her own blog.

So if if your interested in a different perspective from that of myself and steph then I recommend you take a look...........

http://jeepneyskaraokemutantcoconut.blogspot.co.uk/

Some More Photos

Here are some more photos .....some of which are from a little while ago
 

Transport

According to the different measures of national wealth The Philippines ranges between 125th and 139th richest country in the world out of the 193 countries generally listed in these statistics, so as a nation they are at the bottom end of middle income.

Statistics can however be deceptive. The percentage of working age Filippinos working outside the country is among the highest (perhaps even the highest) of any country in the world. This exodus is not balanced by foreigners coming to work here. Generally speaking it is the better educated and more highly skilled who leave to find jobs abroad. A huge proportion of those who qualify as nurses, doctors, engineers and teachers leave to earn more money abroad. The largest contributor to the countries income is remittances sent back by Filippinos working abroad. The tuition fees of many of the students who study in the High school here can only be afforded because they are paid by parents working abroad.

However the downside is that this money earnt abroad is also taxed abroad. Thus the tax income of the government is much lower than is the case in other countries of a similar income level. Consequently the wages of public workers are relatively low.

This reality means there are certain odd situations here, such as that someone who is good at English can earn more working in a call centre situated here by an American or European company than they will earn as a teacher.

The clearest example of a lack of public funds is that of the transport infrastructure, it is truly woeful. The roads are too small and on the whole badly maintained. The airports and ports are antiquated, and there are no railways worth mentioning. For most people travelling is a very slow enterprise. Short journeys which in Europe could be completed in less than an hour can here take several uncomfortable hours.

 

On the roads the two most used forms of public transport are the motorcycle taxi and the Jeepney. Both of these trundle along set routes picking up and setting down at any point on request.

Motorcycle taxis are an interesting experience of disregard for any safety concern, frequently eight or nine people will squeeze onto one cycle crammed together while the engine struggles to move you along much faster than walking pace.

Jeepneys are a little more comfortable. Passengers sit on benches perpendicular to the direction of travel. The driver has to both concentrate on driving through congested, pot-holed streets and on taking the fares. Passengers pass notes and coins along the line up to the driver and the change is passed back down the line, the system relies on trusting each other to pass the money up to the driver and change back to the correct passenger, I have yet to see any conflict emanate from any accusations of dishonesty. 

Oral Exams

At the moment Steph and I are occupied for the most part with Final Exams. Yesterday it was the turn of the senior students to have their Final English Oral Exam. This exam took the form of a mock interview.

When we first arrived back in October we sat in on the previous batch of students when they sat their Final English Oral Exam which was also a mock interview. Our first impression in October was that we had some serious work to do with the next batch!

I am really pleased to say that by comparison the cohort we examined yesterday are much improved. Some of them are still a long way off speaking competent English but none of them were lost for words or completely unable to understand what we were asking. At their best there are a few whose English is an equal of anyone else’s here. Considering that these are generally the less intellectually able students learning their second language the evidence of their progress is really pleasing. What has most obviously improved is their confidence, the students have grasped a freedom to speak not achieved by their predecessors.

Languages are subjects in which it is quite difficult to measure progress over the short term. Week to week there can seem to be very little difference. So it is really uplifting to see that, when all is said and done, they have been learning. The hard work has, thankfully, been worth it. These are the times which make being a teacher worthwhile.

So to MT73, IE46 and WFT59; a very big well done!